Cisco Systems
 
Cisco System,Inc. (NASDAQ: CSCO, SEHK: 4333) is an American multinational corporation with 54,000 employees and annual revenue of US $28.48 billion as of 2006. Headquartered in San Jose, California, it designs and sells networking and communications technology and services under five brands, namely Cisco, Linksys, WebEx, IronPort and Scientific Atlanta.
Initially, Cisco manufactured only enterprise multi-protocol routers but gradually diversified its product offering to move into the home user market with technologies such as VoIP while also expanding its offering for corporate customers.
 
 
Corporate history
 
Len Bosack and Sandy Lerner, a married couple that worked in computer operations staff at Stanford University, founded Cisco Systems in 1984.
Bosack adapted multiple-protocol router software originally written by William Yeager, another staff employee who had begun the work years before Bosack arrived from the University of Pennsylvania, where Bosack had received his bachelor's degree
 
While Cisco was not the first company to develop and sell a router (a device that forwards computer traffic between two or more networks), it was one of the first to sell commercially successful multi-protocol routers, to allow previously incompatible computers to communicate using different network protocols.
As the Internet Protocol (IP) has become a standard, the importance of multi-protocol routing as a function has declined. Today, Cisco's largest routers are marketed to route primarily IP packets and MPLS frames.
 
In 1990, the company went public and was listed on the Nasdaq stock exchange. Bosack and Lerner walked away from the company with $170 million and later divorced.
During the Internet boom in 1999, the company acquired Cerent Corp., a start-up company located in Petaluma, California, for about $7 billion. It was the most expensive acquisition made by Cisco at that time. Since then, only Cisco's acquisition of Scientific-Atlanta has been bigger.

In late March 2000, at the height of the dot-com boom, Cisco was the most valuable company in the world, with a market capitalization of more than $500 billion. In 2007, with a market cap of about $180 billion, it is still one of the most valuable companies.

Using acquisitions, internal development, and partnering with other companies, Cisco has made inroads into many network equipment markets outside routing, including Ethernet switching, remote access, branch office routers, ATM networking, security, IP telephony, and others. In 2003, Cisco acquired Linksys, a popular manufacturer of computer networking hardware and positioned it as a leading brand for the home and end user networking market (SOHO).

The company was a 2002-03 recipient of the Ron Brown Award.
 
 
Origin of the Cisco name
 
The name "Cisco" is an abbreviation of San Francisco. According to John Morgridge, employee 34 and the company's former president, the founders hit on the name and logo while driving to Sacramento to register the company -- they saw the Golden Gate Bridge framed in the sunlight.
The name cisco Systems (with the lowercase "c") continued in use within the engineering community at the company long after the official company name was changed to Cisco Systems, Inc. Users of Cisco products can still see the name cisco Systems occasionally in bug reports and IOS messages.
The company's logo reflects its San Francisco name heritage: it represents a stylized Golden Gate Bridge. In October 2006, Cisco publicly launched a new logo that is graphically simpler and more stylized than the original.
 
 

Corporate affairs

The company has its corporate headquarters in San Jose, California, and also has outposts in other countries.

Cisco's vision is "Changing the Way We Live, Work, Play and Learn." Cisco's current tagline is "Welcome to the human network.".


Partial list of hardware products

- Application Network Services
- Broadband Cable products: uBR7100 series, uBR7200 series, uBR10012 CMTSes. A line of Cable Modems, the uBR900 series and CVA122 series, were also made in the late 1990s and early 2000s, but have since been discontinued.

 
   - *Clean Access Server 
 
- Content Networking
- DSL & Long Reach Ethernet
- Interoperability Systems
- Cisco LocalDirector load-balancing appliance
- Optical Networking series: 15xxx Series: 15302, 15305, 15310, 15327, 15454, 15600, 1580x, 15900(wavelength router, but end for sale)
- Routers: SB107, 700, 800, 1000 Series, 1600 Series, 1700, 1800, 2500 Series, 2600, 2800, 3600, 3700, 3800, 4000 Series, 7000 Series, 7100, 7200, 7300, 7400, 7500, 7600, 10000, 12000, and CRS-1
- Security & VPN products: Anomaly Detection and Mitigation Appliances, Cisco AVS 3110 Application Velocity System, Cisco ASA 5500 Series Adaptive Security Appliances, Cisco PIX 500 Series Security Appliances, Cisco VPN 3000 Series Concentrators, Cisco Catalyst 6500 Series/7600 Series WebVPN Services Module, IPSec VPN Services Module (VPNSM) for Cisco Catalyst 6500 Switches and Cisco 7600 Series Routers
- Server Networking & Virtualization
- SPA Phone Adapters
- Storage networking
- Switches 
   
    - *Catalyst series: 500 Express, 1200, 1600, 1700, 1900, 2000, 2100, 2800, 29xx, 3000, 35xx, 37xx, 40xx, 45xx, 5xxx, 6xxx, etc.. 
    - *Metro Ethernet ME 3400 Series Access Switches 
    - *MGX 8800 Series Multiservice Switches: MGX 8830, MGX 8850 
    - *MDS 9000 Series Multilayer SAN Switches 
 
- Universal Gateways & Access Servers
- Video
- Cisco Telepresence
- Voice & IP Communications: 7900 Series IP Phones: 7936, 7906G, 7912G, 7911G, 7920, 7921G, 7911G, 7921G, 7931G, 7940G, 7941G, 7941G-GE, 7960G, 7961G, 7961G-GE, 7970G, 7971G-GE and 7985G
- Wireless: Wireless Integrated Switches and Routers,Wireless IP Telephony, Wireless LAN Access, Aironet Wireless Bridges and Workgroup Bridges, Cisco Wireless LAN Client Adapters (PCI and PCMCIA), Wireless LAN Controllers, Wireless Network Management, Wireless LAN Management, Wireless Security Servers, Wireless IP Phone 7920
 
Partial list of hardware products
 
- Cisco Active Network Abstraction (ANA)
- Cisco CallManager / Unified Communications Manager (CUCM)
- Cisco Emergency Responder
- Cisco IP Transfer Point (ITP)
- Cisco Multimedia Conference Manager (MCM)
- Cisco Fabric Manager
- Cisco View
- CiscoWorks Network Management software
- IP SLAs
- Cisco Intelligent Contact Management
- Cisco Secure Access Control Server (ACS)
- Cisco Access Registrar (AR)
- Cisco Security MARS (Monitoring, Analysis and Response System)
- Cisco Clean Access Agent, Cisco Clean Access Manager, Cisco NAC Appliance

- Content Loadbalancers (acquired from Arrowpoint)
- Content Engine
- Wireless LAN Solution Engine
- VPN Concentrator
- Packet Tracer
- Cisco IP/TV
- Cisco IP/VC
- Cisco Unified Contact Center
- Cisco MeetingPlace
- Cisco Unity
- Cisco Secure Desktop
- Cisco Security Manager
- Cisco Transport Manager
- Cisco Router and Security Device Manager
- Cisco Enhanced Device Interface
- Wireless Control System
- Wide Area Application Services (WAAS)
- BTS 10200
- PGW 2200

VoIP Services
 
Cisco became a major provider of Voice over IP to enterprises, and is now moving into the home user market through its acquisitions of Scientific Atlanta and Linksys. Scientific Atlanta provides VoIP equipment to cable service providers such as Time Warner, Cablevision, Rogers Communications, UPC and others; Linksys has partnered with companies such as Skype and Yahoo to integrate consumer VoIP services with wireless and cordless phones.
 
 

From: http://www.wikipedia.org
More info at www.cisco.com" Cisco Systems Official Website

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